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老有所养,而有所为:新农保对农业劳动供给的影响
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TitleThe Elderly to be More Cared, and to Work Better  
作者刘进 宁满秀 许庆  
AuthorLiu Jin,Ning Manxiu and Xu Qing  
作者单位上海财经大学财经研究所;福建农林大学经济学院 
OrganizationShanghai University of Finance and Economics; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University 
作者Emailrainye615@163.sufe.edu.cn;njauyeying@163.com;xuqing71@fudan.edu.cn  
中文关键词新型农村养老保险(新农保) 劳动供给 农业生产 
Key WordsNew Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS); Labor Supply; Farm Production 
内容提要为了广大农村居民“老有所养”,共享社会发展成果,2009年以降,中国实施并全面推广了新型农村养老保险制度(新农保)。本文利用2011、2013和2015三年的CHRALS数据,采用RD-IPW-DID方法考察了新农保对农业劳动供给的影响,研究发现,尽管对不同健康状况的中老年农村居民而言,新农保对农业劳动供给的影响有所差异,但总体而言,他们的农业劳动参与意愿明显提高,劳动供给量也显著增加,从而有利于缓释农业劳动老龄化下出现的劳动供给不足问题。本研究说明新农保使得中老年农村居民“老有所养”之余,还能“有所作为”,该结论为社会保障制度的完善和农业生产的发展提供重要的决策参考。 
AbstractIn response to guarantee basic care demand and improve the welfare of old-age people, the Chinese government launched an innovative program, the New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS) for rural residents in late 2009, and integrated NRPS with Urban Resident’s Social Pension System in early 2014. In May 2017, 508 million residents enrolled in this pilot progarm, including 159 million elderly aged 60+ who could apply for a pension. Meanwhile, with the industrialization and urbanization, massive prime working-age labor rural-urban migration, exacerbated by a set of laws and regulations and an unprecedented demographic transition, China rural has been undergoing rapid population aging, there exits insufficient labor supply in agriculture production. It means how to increase effectively labor supply in future. Theoretically, the design of a pension system is not only to meet the basic life for the elderly, but also could reduce their labor supply. To date, large scloars have paid considerable attention to NRPS on the elderly’labor supply,however, their research conclusion is controversial, and very little is known about the relationship between the residents agricultural labor supply behavior and public pension scheme in rural China. To fill this knowledge gap, using pooled data from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) in 2011,2013 and 2015 and an analytical framework of combination of regression discontinuity design and inverse probability weighting and difference in difference method (RD-IPW-DID), this paper examines the effect of the NRPS on individual’s agricultural labor supply behavior including labor participation and actual labor supply. The paper found that the effect of NRPS on middle and old residents for different health status was difference, but their labor participation and actual labor supply in farm production did significantly increase, which could be benefit to solve the lack of labor supply resulted in agricultural labor aging. The study showed that NRPS not only could meet the basic care for the middle and elderly rural residents but also encourage them enthusiasm and creativity. What’s more, it might provide an important reference for deepening social security system reform and speeding up agricultural development. This study contributed to the existing literature by evaluating the welfare effect of public pension program on labor supply in farm production so as to enrich policy effect evaluation about NRPS and promote the transformation of agricultural production mode. Also, from empirical perspective, in order to ensure the result credibility, this study used representative national household survey data CHARLS and adopted RD-IPW-DID and experimental measurement methods.  
文章编号WP1336 
登载时间2019-02-18 
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