中国居民收入的政府再分配效应研究——基于个体需求差异的评估
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| Title | Heterogeneous Needs, Inequality and Assessment of Income Redistribution Policies in China
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| 作者 | 张琼 王俊 陈莹 |
| Author | Zhang,Qiong Wang Jun and Chen Ying |
| 作者单位 | 中央财经大学经济学院 |
| Organization | Central University of Finance and Economics |
| 作者Email | zhangqiong08@gmail.com；wjking1888888@gmail.com；ruby3939@163.com |
| 中文关键词 | 需求差异 标准化人均家庭收入 收入差距 再分配 |
| Key Words | Diversified Need; Scaled Household Income Per Capita; Inequality; Redistribution |
| 内容提要 | 我们引入根据居民家庭因素对收入购买力影响后的标准化人均家庭收入指标，从会计核算的角度综合分析了与中国居民收入直接相关的政府税收与补贴政策对居民部门收入分配的影响。结果表明：在1992-2009年间，中国政府税收和补贴政策整体而言改善了居民部门的收入分配状况，其中“养老金或离退休金”以及“社会救济”等政府向居民部门转移收入的政策是最显著的影响因素；但即便如此，相关政策并未能成功扭转中国市场化进程中城镇居民收入差距不断扩大的局面。与标准化人均家庭收入指标相比，人均家庭收入指标一方面会高估居民收入分配不公状况，另一方面会低估政府税收与补贴等政策的收入再分配调节效果。 |
| Abstract | This article comprehensively assesses effects of China’s redistribution policies from aspects of accounting analysis with the measurement of adjusted household income per capita to equivalence scales, of which are estimated with micro data from annual waves from 1992 to 2009 of Urban Household Survey in China. It first estimates economics of scale and heterogeneous needs for different types of families, to recalculate adjusted household income per capita by scaling household sizes; inequality derived from this adjusted measurement could better proxy unobserved distribution of well-being of which is the starting of considering household inequality and assessing effects of government redistribution policies. This article then finds that: firstly, inequality of urban households in China is getting severer even government transferring policies do significantly contribute to reducing it, of which the policies relate to pension and social aids are the most important ones; secondly, un-scaled household income per capita would further overestimate inequality and underestimate redistributive effects of government transferring policies. |
| 文章编号 | WP534 |
| 登载时间 | 2013-09-13 |
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